Effect of palm biodiesel blends on cold start performance and emissions of common rail turbocharged engine at moderately cold ambient temperatures

Abstract

AbstractPalm biodiesel fuel is limited to 7% (v/v), that is, B7 in petroleum diesel used at Malaysian highlands due to concerns over poor flow characteristics. This article investigated the cold start performance of a common rail direct injection turbocharged diesel engine using B7, B10, B20, and B30 blends in a simulated cold climatic chamber at 5, 10, 15, and 20°C. All the blends passed the startability test at 20°C but failed at 5°C. Higher biodiesel blend of B20 could withstand moderate cold temperature (15°C) without startability issue, while B7 and B10 were usable beyond 15°C. Engine workability after start‐up was insignificantly affected though, on average, 23% increase and 56% reduction observed in engine starting time and speed stability between B7 (standard) and other blends. Emissions of CO was noticeable, <0.1%, while CO2 and NOx were reduced by 13% and 18%, respectively during cold start‐up using B10 and B20. It is expected that B20 could be destined for at the Malaysian highlands with the coldest temperature not exceeding 15°C threshold for more than 5 h. Considering the importance of cold filter plugging point, it is suggested for inclusion in existing diesel standards to minimize issues while deploying high biodiesel blends at highlands commercially.