Abstract
Biooxidation of oil shale process wastewaters in dispersed-phase cultures removed only 9-50% of the dissolved organic carbon. Attempts to promote biodegradation of the refractory carbon (predominantly aromatic amines) by physicochemical means met with little success. These included ultraviolet irradiation/ozonation, addition of activated carbon to dispersed-phase cultures, and use of fixed-film bioreactors.
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