Abstract
AbstractTorrefaction, though defined as a low temperature (200–300°C) decomposition of biomass in an oxygen free atmosphere, it is hard to obtain such environment in a commercial unit unless one uses expensive means of nitrogen flushing or indirect heating. Oxygen leakage that adversely affects the product quality is unavoidable in commercial directly heated torrefier. Present work attempts to examine the optimum concentration of oxygen in the torrefier that can be tolerated without greatly compromising the product quality. In this work, torrefaction of relatively large pieces (25·4 and 19 mm diameter) of poplar wood was conducted at different oxygen concentration as well as in inert atmosphere while observing its effect on the temperature profile in the biomass interior, mass yield, energy yield and energy density. Results obtained are in agreement with those obtained in previous work on fine biomass particles that mass yield and energy yield decreases with oxygen presence in the torrefier. It, however, ...
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