Abstract
BackgroundThird molars present more problems than other teeth because they are the last teeth to erupt, and so it is important to assess their development when designing an orthodontic treatment plan. The aim of this study was to compare the angulation of the mandibular third molar and retromolar space before and after orthodontic treatment in cases involving first premolar extraction.Material and Methods76 patients, 59 women (77.63%) and 17 men (22.36%), were recruited from the Orthodontics Clinic at Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (Mexico). Panoramic radiographs were analyzed before and after orthodontic treatment that included first premolar extractions, measuring retromolar space (RS) and the angles formed by the intersection of the axes of the third and second molar (α) and the intersection of the axis of the mandibular plane and third molar (β).ResultsThe data obtained underwent statistical analysis. The angle α and β showed statistically significant differences on the left side in women. In men, only the right side α angle showed significant differences. Retromolar space increased significantly on both sides for both sexes.ConclusionsThird molar angulation presents different behaviors between men and women, with greater verticalization in women. Key words:Third molar, retromolar space, orthodontics.
Highlights
Of all the teeth, third molars present the most eruption problems
Third molar root formation starts at the age of 15 and the tooth erupts at the age of 20; if formation is delayed, this will produce a risk of impaction [7]
When the third molar is positioned at an adequate angle relative to the mandibular plane and the longitudinal axis of the second molar, it maintains the necessary force for remodeling and expansion in various dimensions by bone resorption in the region of the mandibular ramus [15]
Summary
Third molars present the most eruption problems. They are often impacted or retained [1], which can cause conditions such as pericoronitis, cavities, root resorptions, cystic processes, or tumors [2,3]. Cryer describes a decreased probability of mandibular impacted third molars in patients who underwent premolar extraction prior to orthodontic treatment [18]. The aim of this study was to determine changes to third molar inclination in relation to the mandibular plane and the longitudinal axis of the second molar, comparing angles before and after orthodontic treatment involving first premolar extractions. The aim of this study was to compare the angulation of the mandibular third molar and retromolar space before and after orthodontic treatment in cases involving first premolar extraction. Panoramic radiographs were analyzed before and after orthodontic treatment that included first premolar extractions, measuring retromolar space (RS) and the angles formed by the intersection of the axes of the third and second molar (α) and the intersection of the axis of the mandibular plane and third molar (β). Conclusions: Third molar angulation presents different behaviors between men and women, with greater verticalization in women
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