Abstract
A natural Kutch bentonite was modified using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium (HDTMA) bromide and dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium (DODMA) chloride to obtain two different types of organo bentonites viz., HDTMA-bentonite and DODMA-bentonite to study their sorption capacities for sorption of organic contaminants. The natural bentonite and the modified clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and BET-surface area techniques. The studies revealed that the organic cations in both the modified bentonites are intercalated and assumed pseudo tri layer configuration. The differential scanning calorimetry studies have established that the modified clays are thermally stable up to about 200 °C. The adsorption capacity, in terms of total organic carbon (TOC), increases with increase in the concentration of the organic contaminant up to 500 mg/l for both the modified clays. However the maximum sorption capacity for DODMA-bentonite was found to be higher and reached a maximum value of about 9.0 mg/g whereas and it was 7.8 mg/g for HDTMA-bentonite. The TOC sorption capacity of unmodified bentonite was far less and was about 1 mg/g. Even though the TOC sorption efficiencies were similar for both the organo bentonites, they were not in direct proportion to the amount of organic carbon attached to the clay.
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