Effect of organic fertilizers on nutrients content and essential oil composition of savory (Satureja hortensis L.)

Abstract

abstractApplication of organic fertilizers in the production of these plants to eliminate or substantially reduce the use of chemical inputs and improve the growth and quality of plants. For instance, in present study the effect of vermicompost and spent mushroom compost application on nutritional status and essential oil components of summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) was investigated.This experiment was conducted in research greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture at Mohaghegh Ardabili University in layout of completely randomized design with five replications on Savory in 2014. Experimental treatments included different substrates contain vermicompost, washed and unwashed spent mushroom compost in five levels (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Percent v/v). After flowering, plants were harvested and parameters such as leaf area, leaf and plant dry weight, chlorophyll index of leaf and N, P, K, and Ca content and essential oil component of plants were measured.The results showed that the effect of organic substrates on macronutrient content and growth parameters of savory were significant. The highest Nitrogen content (6.3%) and Phosphorus (0.98%) in shoot of savory was obtained in substrate supplemented with 40% vermicompost. Plants grown in the media containing 30% of vermicompost and 50% washed spent mushroom compost (SMC) have higher potassium (3.19%) and calcium (2.48%) content, respectively. The lowest nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the aerial part was obtained in the control treatment. Moreover, application of organic fertilizers significantly affected on essential oil percent and composition compounds of savory. The highest and lowest essential oil content were obtained in plants in substrates containing 30 % of vermicompost and unwashed spent mushroom compost respectively. Main components of essential oil were carvacrol and gamma- trepenine. The highest level of carvacrol (62.10) and gamma-trepenine (32.05) were obtained in plants in substrate containing 40 and 20 % of washed spent mushroom respectively.