Effect of organic fertilizers based on chicken manure on oat productivity and microbiological indicators of the soil

Abstract

The results of studying the effect of preparations based on chicken manure on the growth and development of oats are presented. Chicken manure contains valuable substances that are easily used by plants, but because of the large number of pathogens, its use can lead to pollution of the environment. Currently, a promising direction is the use of poultry manure after additional treatment. Recycled chicken manure was used in the research using a cavitation-vortex heat generator by distilling dry manure as a 10% solution in water and obtaining various fertilizer samples. The manure was treated at different thermal regimes - 60 and 75 °C, with or without ozone. The effect of organic fertilizers based on chicken manure on soil biological activity and productivity of oats was studied. Numbers of the main groups of microorganisms were established by the conventional method of seeding on nutrient dense media. Soil phytotoxicity was determined according to the test-object recommendations. Oat growth and development were studied during the vegetation period, evaluating the onset of phenological phases, biometric indicators and elements of yield structure. A negative effect of chicken manure on the microflora (the appearance of conditionally phytopathogenic fungi) and phytotoxicity of soil, as well as on the condition of cultivated plants was revealed. The manure processed by distillation into organic fertilizer improves the environmental situation. A positive effect of organic fertilizers based on poultry manure on the phytosanitary state of the soil and nitrogen-fixing activity of the soil was found. An increase in productivity of oats was noted on the background of the application of organic fertilizers. There was a significant increase in green mass and dry matter in the flowering phase of oats by 6.0-6.2 and 1.1-1.7 tons/ha, respectively. Oat grain yield was higher by 0.7-0.8 t/ha, or 20%, compared to the control.