Abstract
Although various previous studies have reported that the experimentally induced refractive errors interfered with postural control, few studies have demonstrated the optical correction effect of wearing glasses. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether wearing full corrected glasses to correct myopia and hyperopia can have a positive effect on postural stability. To this end, a total of 34 subjects (19 males and 15 females) of an average age of 22.38 ± 2.41-years-old participated in this study. After measuring the full corrected powers of refractive errors of subjects through subjective refraction, updated glasses were provided to 17 myopic subjects and first time glasses were provided to 17 hyperopic subjects as full corrected glasses, respectively. Postural evaluation was carried out using the TETRAX biofeedback system, after which we compared and analyzed the postural instability index and sway power index before and after wearing full corrected glasses. When updated and old glasses for correcting myopia were worn, the postural instability index was significantly reduced, and the sway power index was statistically decreased only in the mid-high frequency region associated with the somatic system, compared to the no glasses state, respectively. However, after wearing first time glasses for hyperopia correction, no significant difference was found in the postural instability index or sway power index. We suggest that providing optimal visual information through the optical correction of myopic refractive error is a useful approach that can lead to synergistic effects of somatic functions involved in postural control. Consequently, we demonstrated that wearing glasses to fully correct the refractive errors has a positive effect on increasing postural control in static posture. Our results may have important clinical implications in the field of optometry and balance evaluation.
Highlights
Sensory information received from the somatic system, vestibular system and visual system must be appropriately controlled with the motor nervous system through sensory integration in the central nervous system [1,2]
We identified the cause using the Fourier transformation analysis of sway power index provided by the TETRAX system, in which postural stability is increased by each set of full corrected glasses
Uncorrected refractive errors reduce visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and stereoscopic function, which are visual factors which contribute to postural stability [29,30]
Summary
Sensory information received from the somatic system, vestibular system and visual system must be appropriately controlled with the motor nervous system through sensory integration in the central nervous system [1,2]. The somatic system is involved in postural control by recognizing the position, movement and balance of the body’s musculoskeletal system in space [3]. The vestibular system is related to the rotational movement of the head and mainly functions to provide information on the body’s position with respect to gravity and movement [4]. As age increases, these sensory organs lead to changes in muscle structure.
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