Abstract
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only modifiable major risk factor of glaucoma. Recently, accurate and continuous IOP monitoring has been demonstrated in vivo using an implantable sensor based on optical resonance with remote optical readout to improve patient outcomes. Here, we investigate the relationship between optical aberrations of ex vivo rabbit eyes and the performance of the IOP sensor using a custom-built setup integrated with a Shack-Hartmann sensor. The sensor readouts became less accurate as the aberrations increased in magnitude, but they remained within the clinically acceptable range. For root-mean-square wavefront errors of 0.10 to 0.94 μm, the accuracy and the signal-to-noise ratio were 0.58 ± 0.32 mm Hg and 15.57 ± 4.85 dB, respectively.
Highlights
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreparable blindness,[1,2] but the underlying mechanism of its pathophysiological development and progression remains unclear
We evaluated the accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the optical spectra reflected from the reference chips implanted in ex vivo rabbit eyes
Even the optical spectrum obtained in the presence of the highest rms-wavefront error (0.26 μm) still showed a robust SNR of 22.8 dB, well above the required 15-dB minimum SNR for intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements
Summary
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreparable blindness,[1,2] but the underlying mechanism of its pathophysiological development and progression remains unclear. Because NIR light is used to excite the cavity and obtain the pressure readout, the performance of the sensing system is inevitably influenced by optical aberrations that originate from the refractive-index profiles of the cornea and the anterior chamber of the eye. Such optical aberrations and their influence on the performance of intraocular lenses have been characterized extensively using Shack–Hartmann (SH) sensors in previous clinical studies,[50,51,52,53,54,55,56] the relationship between the performance of the implantable optical IOP sensor and ocular optical aberrations has yet to be studied. Understanding the relationship between the ocular aberrations and the quality of IOP monitoring could ensure the effective and proper use of implantable optical IOP sensors across diverse patient groups
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