Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood lipid profile, leptin level and endothelial function in patients with ischemic heart disease in combination with non-alcoholic steatosis of the liver

Abstract

The objective: to study the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated essential fatty acids (PUFAs) on leptin level, lipid profile of blood and endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in combination with non-alcoholic steatosis of the liver.Materials and methods. 44 men were examined. Group А consisted of 24 patients aged 55–72 (median 64 [59,0; 69,0] years) with CHD in combination with non-alcoholic steatosis of the liver, group В – 18 patients aged 53–70 (median 59,7 [56,0, 65,0] years) with CHD without non-alcoholic steatosis. Blood lipid profile, leptin level and functional state of vascular endothelium were defined in all patients.Results. After the treatment with omega-3 PUFAs 2000 mg for 2 months in patients with CHD in combination with steatosis of the liver, a decrease in the level of triglycerides (TG) (by 42%; p=0,02), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL-C) (by 15%; p=0,02), leptin level (by 13%; p=0,002), C-reactive protein (CRP) (by 45%; p=0,02), increase of high-density lipoprotein levels (HDL-C) (by 3%; p=0,02) and improvement in endothelial function (by 26%; p<0,05) were determined.Conclusion. Using of omega-3 PUFAs in the treatment of patients with CHD in combination with liver steatosis as a secondary prevention provides a reduction in the level of TG, VLDL-C, leptin, and increase in HDL-C. The positive dynamics of indicators of endothelial function and CRP level and the tendency to decrease of blood glucose levels were revealed, which indicates the presence of pleiotropic effects of omega-3 PUFAs.