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Abstract
BackgroundOmega 3 fatty acids supplementation may have an attenuative effect on exercise‐induced muscle damage (EIMD) through the cell membrane stabilization. The purpose of the present meta‐analysis was to evaluate the effects of omega 3 fatty acids supplementation, on indirect blood markers of muscle damage following EIMD in trained and untrained individuals.MethodsScopus, Medline, and Google scholar systematically searched up to January 2021. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used for the quality of studies. Random‐effects model, weighted mean difference (WMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied for the overall effect estimating. The heterogeneity between studies was evaluated applying the chi‐squared and I2 statistic.ResultsThe outcomes showed a significant effect of omega 3 supplementation on reducing creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and myoglobin (Mb) concentrations. In addition, a subgroup analysis indicated a significant reduction in CK, LDH, and Mb concentrations, based on follow‐ups after exercise, studies duration, time of supplementation, and training status.ConclusionThe current meta‐analysis indicated an efficacy of omega 3 in reducing CK, LDH, and Mb serum concentration among healthy individuals, overall and in subgroups analysis. Thus, omega 3 should be considered as a priority EIMD recovery agent in interventions.
Highlights
Omega 3 fatty acids supplementation may have an attenuative effect on exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) through the cell membrane stabilization
For assessing whether the omega 3 supplementation effect on serum creatine kinase (CK) concentration is different according to subgroups, meta-analysis was carried out based on follow-ups after exercise, studies duration, time of supplementation, and training status (Table 3)
Subgroup analysis showed that omega 3 consumption has a significant reduction effect on CK concentrations in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 48 h follow-ups after exercise, lower and more than 1 month, RCTs with before and after exercise time of supplementation, and RCTs on untrained participant
Summary
Omega 3 fatty acids supplementation may have an attenuative effect on exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) through the cell membrane stabilization. The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of omega 3 fatty acids supplementation, on indirect blood markers of muscle damage following EIMD in trained and untrained individuals. Results: The outcomes showed a significant effect of omega 3 supplementation on reducing creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and myoglobin (Mb) concentrations. A subgroup analysis indicated a significant reduction in CK, LDH, and Mb concentrations, based on follow-ups after exercise, studies duration, time of supplementation, and training status. Conclusion: The current meta-analysis indicated an efficacy of omega 3 in reducing CK, LDH, and Mb serum concentration among healthy individuals, overall and in subgroups analysis. Omega 3 should be considered as a priority EIMD recovery agent in interventions
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