Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, almost always with a major contribution from insulin resistance which may be affected by cell membrane fatty acids and phospholipids fractions. Aim: To evaluate the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on erythrocyte membrane and also in decreasing oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Material and Methods: Sixty healthy male albino rats weighting 180-200 g divided into five groups included: control, Omega-3, diabetic, prophylactic and treated groups. Fasting blood samples were collected from all groups for determination of fasting blood sugar, plasma insulin, erythrocyte membrane lipid profile, phospholipids fractions by HPLC, plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde) and reduced glutathione. out. Results: Fasting blood sugar and plasma insulin sensitivity were improved by Omega-3 administration, also reduced glutathione improved by Omega-3 in both erythrocyte membrane and plasma, while, malondialdehyde decreased indicated the decrease of oxidative stress by Omega-3 administration. Conlusion: Omega-3 supplementation increased insulin sensitivity by improving cell membrane contents especially phospholipids fractions.
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