Effect of Olive oil on Osteoprotegerin Expression on the Tension side of Gingival Crevicular Fluid in the Orthodontic Tooth Movement of Old and Young Guinea Pigs

Abstract

Background: Olive oil is a natural source of phytoestrogens and antioxidants similar to mammalian estrogen. The substance increases osteoblast differentiation and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression. Objective of the study: To examine the effect of giving olive oil on OPG expression of gingival crevicular fluid in the orthodontic tooth movement among old and young guinea pigs. Methodology: The four groups of guinea pigs (n = 3) consisted of old guinea pigs given olive oil (OO), old controls (OC), the young given olive oil (YO), and young controls (YC). The teeth were movedreciprocally to distal by a 0.35 N open coil spring which was attached to the bracket of the lower incisors. The YO group was given olive oil at 0.7ml/day dosage and the OO group had 1.86ml olive oil administered per day until day 14. OPG expression was analyzed in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sample using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on days 0, 7, and 14. Retrieved data was analyzed using Three-way ANOVA Statistic Test followed by Post Hoc LSD Test. Results: The statistical test showed that olive oil increased OPG expression in old and young guinea pigs (p<0.05), and OPG OO expression was comparable to that in YC day 7. OPG YO expression was higher than OO (p <0.05). Increasing duration of olive oil application led to higher OPG expression (p <0.05). There was a correlation between olive oil and age and duration of administration (p <0.05). Conclusion: Olive oil increased the OPG expression on GCF of old and young guinea pigs during orthodontic tooth movement, with the highest OPG expression in YO day 14.