Abstract
Sea buckthorn oil-in-water emulsions were prepared through high pressure homogenization, and the effects of droplet size, oil content, and emulsifier type on emulsion properties and the overall antioxidant activity of the emulsions were evaluated. Emulsions with different droplet size were obtained by varying homogenization pressure, and higher oil content resulted in bigger droplet size of the emulsions. Among three tested emulsifiers, sodium caseinate and sugar ester were able to form emulsions with much smaller particle size than soy protein isolate. The emulsions with bigger droplets tended to cream in an accelerated centrifugation test. The antioxidant property of the emulsions was expressed as their DPPH radical scavenging activity. The emulsions processed at lower pressure or contained higher oil content had higher DPPH radical scavenging activity. The soy protein isolate-stabilized emulsion presented higher antioxidant activity than sodium caseinate- and sugar ester-stabilized ones. Upon storage, the antioxidant activity of the emulsions was decreased due to the changes in emulsion stability and the degradation of antioxidants. The knowledge obtained in this study would be useful in developing healthy food containing sea buckthorn oil.
Highlights
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is widely distributed in China, Mongolia, Russia, Northern Europe, and Canada, in dry or sandy areas, e.g., sea coasts, dry semidesert sites, and high mountains
It was known that oil content and emulsifier type play essential roles in emulsion properties [8], and the objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of emulsion properties, as affected by oil content and emulsifier type, on the antioxidant activity of sea buckthorn oil-in-water emulsions
Emulsions with smaller particle size are generally produced by applying higher homogenization pressure
Summary
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is widely distributed in China, Mongolia, Russia, Northern Europe, and Canada, in dry or sandy areas, e.g., sea coasts, dry semidesert sites, and high mountains. It is a hardy plant, drought- and cold-resistant, and it is usually used for soil, water, and wildlife conservation and antideserti cation purposes [1]. Recent studies have revealed that berries of sea buckthorn, mainly their oil extracts, are rich in bioactive compounds, including monounsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, carotenoids, and phytosterols [2, 3]. It is important to protect sea buckthorn oil from oxidation by environmental stresses (e.g., oxygen, heat, and enzymes)
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