Abstract

Due to increased acidification, Hester et al. [Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L19601] estimate that by midcentury the sound absorption of seawater will decrease by almost 40%. In the present study, the expected relative increase in the mid-frequency ambient noise field is estimated. Emphasis is placed on shallow water scenarios with typical summertime sound speed profiles and frequencies from 1 to 5 kHz. A model is developed that assumes shallow water internal waves will redistribute energy from high-order acoustic modes excited by noise sources near the sea surface into ducted, low-order modes that propagate with low loss. Calculations are made as a function of pH level, the strength of the internal waves, and the bottom composition. The modeled noise field is beamformed and the effect on the so-called ambient noise notch is estimated.

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