Abstract
Abstract Most attenuation correction algorithms are based on the assumption of an average, range-independent power-law relationship, k = aZb, between attenuation k and reflectivity Z. This paper analyzes how nonuniform beam filling (NUBF) of the radar beam can modify the value of the coefficients a and b with distance. This analytical study shows that there are two mechanisms in which NUBF affects the apparent attenuation. One is the global averaging performed by the radar beam within the sampling volume itself. This tends to increase the apparent attenuation. The other mechanism is the gradual building of an angular weighting function due to the accumulated attenuation by a nonuniform rain field between the radar and the sampling volume. This can cause a serious decrease in the apparent specific and path-integrated attenuations. The practical consequences of these analytical results and their quantitative effects on rain retrieval with an X-band ground-based radar are then analyzed by simulations. A rada...
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