Effect of nonfactorizable background geometry on the thermodynamics of galaxy clusters

Abstract

In this paper, we study the effect of nonfactorizable background geometry on the thermodynamics of the clustering of galaxies. A canonical partition function is derived for the gravitating system of galaxies treated as point particles contained in cells of appropriate dimensions. Various thermodynamic equations of state, like Helmholtz free energy and entropy, among others, are also obtained. We also estimate the effect of the corrected Newton’s law on the distribution function of galaxies. Remarkably, the effect of the modified Newton’s law is seen only in the clustering parameter while the standard structure of the equations is preserved. A comparison of the modified clustering parameter [Formula: see text] with that of the original clustering parameter is made to visualize the effect of the correction on the time scale of clustering. The possibility of system symmetry breaking is also analyzed by investigating the behavior of the specific heat with increasing system temperature.