Effect of noncircularity on the dynamic behaviors of particles in a disformal rotating black-hole spacetime

Abstract

A disformal rotating black-hole solution is a black-hole solution in quadratic degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor theories. It breaks the circular condition of spacetime different from the case of the usual Kerr spacetime. This study investigated the dynamic behaviors of the motion of timelike particles in such disformal black-hole spacetime with an extra deformation parameter. Results showed that the characteristics of the particle's motion depend on the sign of the deformation parameter. For the positive deformation parameter, the motion is regular and orderly. For the negative one, as the deformation parameter changes, the motion of the particles undergoes a series of transitions between the chaotic motion and the regular motion and falls into the horizon or escapes to spatial infinity. This means that the dynamic behavior of timelike particles in the disformal Kerr black-hole spacetime with noncircularity becomes richer than that in the usual Kerr black-hole case.