Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the growth of broccoli hybrids Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck. and yield content of NPK

Abstract

The experiment was conducted during the winter season 2016-2017 in the tomato Development Project of the Directorate of Basra Cultivation in Khor Al-Zubair. The aim is to study the effect of nitrogen fertilization and its relation to the growth and content of the Broccoli Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck. of the elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to determine the best fertilizer dose resulting in the highest production and the best hybrid of the conditions of the region. The experiment included six treatments involving broccoli hybrids, Paraiso and Monaco and three levels of nitrogen (46% urea) of 0, 50 and 100 kg. The experiment was implemented as Factorial experiment with a Split Plot Design by Randomized Complete Block Design was used for the experiment with three replicates. The mean of the treatments was compared according to the least significant difference at the level of probability 0.05. The results showed that Paraiso was superior in plant height (cm) and leaf area (Dcm2) and showed a superiority in the content of floral cruds of total carbohydrates (mlgm.gm-1) and percentage of nitrogen. Monaco plants exceeded the percentage of phosphorus in floral cruds; both levels were superior in the vegetative growth indicators under study. The plants fertilized with 100 kg.dunum-1 had a significant effect on the total yield of a plant (kg), the total productivity of the floral cruds (ton.hectar-1), the percentage of dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorus content. The plants fertilized with 50 kg were superior in the cruds contents total carbohydrate and in the percentage of potassium, and the bilateral interactions was significant in all the traits in the experiment.