Abstract
Research on the effect of the nitrogen application rate on the balance of the nitrogen utilization, yield and quality of rice is common in South China but is relatively lacking in Northeast China, especially in the Liaohe Delta. In this study, Yanfeng 47 rice was planted in Panjin city, China, to explore the effect of six nitrogen rates (0, 160, 210, 260, 315 and 420 kg N/ha) on the nitrogen use efficiency, rice quality and grain yield of rice plants. The results showed that the application of an appropriate nitrogen rate (210-260 kg N/ha) remarkably increased the nitrogen use efficiency of rice plants, grain yield, rice milling quality and nutritional quality and resulted in a moderate rice eating quality. Although low nitrogen rates (160 kg N/ha) maintained a high rice eating quality, they decreased grain yield and other rice qualities, and excessive nitrogen (315 kg N/ha) increased rice appearance quality but significantly reduced the nitrogen use efficiency (p by an environmentally friendly method and guarantee rice with high quality and yield, the recommended nitrogen application rate is 210 kg N/ha.
Highlights
Rice is one of the main grain crops in the world and constitutes a substantial proportion of the consumption and production of cereal
The results showed that the application of an appropriate nitrogen rate (210 - 260 kg N/ha) remarkably increased the nitrogen use efficiency of rice plants, grain yield, rice milling quality and nutritional quality and resulted in a moderate rice eating quality
To achieve sustainable development of rice with high quality and yield, this study researched the effect of nitrogen application rates on rice production from the perspective of rice plant nitrogen use efficiency, rice quality and grain yield; recommended optimal nitrogen application rates; analyzed the obstacle factors for cultivating high quality and yield rice, such as rice appearance quality and eating quality; and suggested that it is urgent for experts from different fields to struggle for more reasonable rice production together, such as breeding and agronomy and food science
Summary
Rice is one of the main grain crops in the world and constitutes a substantial proportion of the consumption and production of cereal. The climate for rice production is dramatically changed by artificial or natural factors, such as unreasonable cultivation and global warming, bringing severe challenges to the safety of rice production [1] [2] [3]. It is important to guarantee a stable rice yield in real-time environmental conditions for the food security of humanity.
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