Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus application on yield and economics of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

Abstract

The present field experiment was carried out to study the impact of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on yield and economics of mustard (Brassica juncea L) at I T M University Gwalior (M.P.) during rabi season of 2019-20. The experiment was conducted in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of 3 levels of nitrogen (40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1 )and four levels of phosphorus (0,20,40 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 ). The results revealed that the application of 120 kg N ha-1 recorded significantly maximum number of siliqua / plant (208.50), length of siliqua (5.36cm), number of seeds / siliqua (13.04) and test weight (5.62g). The highest yields of seed (15.70 qha-1 ) and stover (34.84 q ha-1 ) were recorded with 120 kg N ha-1 . The protein and oil content in mustard seeds also improved with nitrogen and phosphorus application over control. The yield attributes and yield of mustard crop increased significantly with increasing levels of P and maximum seed (15.63 qha-1 ) and stover yields (35.34 qha-1 ) were recorded with 60 kg P2O5ha-1 . There was a significant increase in protein and oil content and maximum values were recorded with 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 . Highest net profit of Rs. 48515 ha-1 was recorded with 120 Kg N ha-1 in combination with 60 kg P ha-1while maximum B:C ratio (3.02) was noted with the application of 120 kg N ha-1 along with 20 and 40kg P2O5 ha-1 .