Abstract
The Mineral phosphate solubilization (MPS) was studied in ten Aspergillus niger strains. MPS activity was measured in solid (Pikovskaya's medium) as well as liquid media using different phosphate sources (tricalcium, dicalcium, ferric and aluminium phosphates, and bone meal), carbon sources (glucose, mannitol, fructose, sucrose, xylose, and sorbitol), and nitrogen sources (ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and urea). All the strains showed a zone of clearance of tricalcium phosphate in Pikovskaya's medium in plates and solubilized dicalcium and tricalcium phosphates in broth efficiently. Solubilization was lower in ferric and aluminium phosphates. The activity was very poor in bone meal medium. Among the carbon sources the fungi preferred mannitol for higher P solubilization. Nitrogen in the form of nitrate was very effective in solubilizing inorganic phosphates. Xylose and urea were the poorest sources of carbon and nitrogen for all the strains of Aspergillus. Phosphate release was associated with reduction in pH.
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