Abstract
In this study distribution of nickel as a risk factor of environment in testis and its effects on the testicular structure in experimental animals and effect on spermatozoa was analyzed. In this study the effect of Ni on the testicular structure after an experimental intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration, concentration of nickel in semen of different animal species and the effect of in vitro spermatozoa incubation with nickel on the spermatozoa motility and membrane changes is reported. Our findings clearly suggest a negative effect of nickel on the structure as well as on the function of seminiferous epithelium. In experimental groups with nickel a significant (p 250 μM Ni/ml) cause decrease of spermatozoa motility in vitro.
Highlights
High quantity of nickel is known to be injurious for animal and human health
This study describes the effect of nickel on structural changes in the testes, the concentration of nickel in semen of mature animals and in vitro effects of nickel on spermatozoa motility and membrane integrity
On the other hand [9] it was reported that nickel has influence on cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNG) which are important in spermatozoa physiology
Summary
High quantity of nickel is known to be injurious for animal and human health. Animal studies refer that nickel has negative effects on the structure and function of testis, seminal vesicle, and prostate gland, and there is similar report on adverse effect on spermatozoa [1, 2]. Nickel is used in the manufacture of artificial jewelry, coinage, cutlery, cooking utensils and dental or surgical prostheses [3]. Nickel is an essential trace metal that is vital for growth enhancement in very low doses (ppb) for birds and mammals [4]. Animal studies have indicated that nickel may reach the testis, seminal vesicle and prostate gland [5], and there are reports of its adverse effect on spermatozoa [6, 7]. Its action on spermatozoa motility, morphology and count, is an important parameter for the evaluation of male fertility
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