Abstract
Abstract Pb 1−3 x /2 Nd x (Zr 0.68 Sn 0.22 Ti 0.1 )O 3 ceramics with large electrical field induced strain were prepared by Nd 3+ doping. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the substitution of Nd 3+ for Pb 2+ enhanced the stability of antiferroelectric phase due to the decrease of tolerance factor. Besides, with the increase of Nd 3+ addition, the strain first improved with a maximum value at x = 0.02, and then decreased. Further, with increasing electric field and decreasing measuring frequency, the strain improved obviously. This is because that the reversal of the domains is more sufficient at large electric field and long time. The largest strain of 0.63% is obtained in the specimens with x = 0.02 at the frequency 1 Hz.
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