Abstract
Although the positive effect of nano-fillers is well known, delivering a quality nanocomposite consistently is far from maturity. The challenge primarily comes from the dispersion of nanoparticles, especially at high particle loading. Due to the dispersion problem, the advantage of nano reinforcement has not been fully utilized. The present paper reviews the effect of dispersion on polymeric nanocomposites and shows that, with uniform dispersion, the properties of polymeric nanocomposites can be improved almost proportionally with particle volume fraction. The effect of particle size on particle dispersion is also presented and the true size effect of nanoparticles on the properties of nanocomposites is examined by decoupling it from the dispersion effect. Finally, a few failure mechanisms associated with nanoparticles are postulated by contrasting them with those of microparticles.
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