Effect of muscarine and atropine in the synthesis and secretion of IgA by T-dependent and T-independent mechanisms in small intestine of mice

Abstract

Abstract IgA secretion is carried out through two pathways: T dependent in which the T cells cooperate in the production of this immunoglobulin and the T independent in which the isotype switch is made by mechanisms independent of CD4 T cells, each one of the pathways is identified by the expression of specific cytokines which are required to be able to switch the isotype. The enteric nervous system through acetylcholine and muscarinic and nicotinic receptors regulates the immune system however the mechanisms by which it does have not been completely elucidated, In this work we evaluated the effect it has muscarine and atropine in the secretion of total IgA and secretory IgA in the small intestine, the production of cytokines was measure in Th2 cells (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12 and TGF-β) and the expression of independent T cytokines (APRIL, BAFF and BAFF receptor) in lamina propia (LP) and Peyer’s patches (PP). The results obtained we indicate that muscarine produces an increase in total IgA while atropine lowers it, the cytokines that increased with the agonist treatment were IL-5, IL-12 and TGF-β in PP while cytokines that decreased with the muscarinic antagonist were IL-4 and TGF-β in the LP. Besides the muscarine increased the expression of APRIL and BAFF in the inducer site and the effector site, the BAFF receptor in microvilli increase with muscarine in PP. In this study the muscarinic and nicotinic receptors regulates the secretion of total IgA in the small intestine in BALB/c mice. This work was supported by SIP and COFFA IPN.