Abstract
Effect of Multivitamin and Amino Acid Supplementation on Average Daily Gain and Health Status in Cross-Bred Holstein Calves with Poor Growth Rates
Highlights
Replacement heifers are the keys to success in dairy farming, as they increase future dairy production potential.To achieve this, dairy farms would be concern along since young sucking calves until pregnant heifers preferably during weaning period
The results strongly supported the hypothesis that multivitamin and amino acid supplementation effectively increase average daily gain (ADG) after administration at day 90 and in the overall post-weaning period in cross-bred female Holstein calves 4–7 months of age with poor growth rates at pre-weaning
The only effects on the ADG were those of multivitamin and amino acid supplementation and time in each month of the experimental period
Summary
Replacement heifers are the keys to success in dairy farming, as they increase future dairy production potential.To achieve this, dairy farms would be concern along since young sucking calves until pregnant heifers preferably during weaning period. Intensive management is especially required in the 4–7 months age range. Post-weaning calves require 16% crude protein in their diets (NRC, 1996). This dietary protein is absorbed in the form of apparent amino acids from the small intestine and utilized by growing calves (Santos et al, 1984). Vitamins and minerals play a vital role for promoting daily bodily functions (MacDowell, 2012; Underwood and Suttle, 1999). Post-weaning calves must receive these nutrients from their forage and a commercial replacer or concentrated diet
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