Effect of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine on ovarian reserve of women of reproductive age.

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines developed for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on the ovarian reserve of women of reproductive age. This prospective study was conducted between July and December 2022 in a tertiary care hospital affiliated with a university. A total of 117 patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group (n = 62) consisted of women of reproductive age who received two doses of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine administered 21 days apart. The control group (n = 55) included women with the same demographic characteristics who did not plan to be vaccinated. Hormonal values and basal antral follicle count were compared between two groups. The mean age of the study group was 26.3 ± 3.6 years, and the mean age of the control group was 25.4 ± 6.2 years (p = 0.332). In the vaccinated group, mean follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) on day 2 was 5.29 ± 2.28; luteinizing hormone (LH): 5.18 ± 1.3; E2: 46.43 ± 24.51; anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH): 4.17 ± 2.1; antral follicle count: 16.23 ± 8.04; right ovarian volume: 6.4 ± 1.7; left ovarian volume: 6.2 ± 2.1. FSH measured at D2 in the control group was 5.68 ± 1.89; LH: 5.22 ± 2.2; E2: 48.41 ± 27.12; AMH: 4.30 ± 1.74; number of antral follicles: 15.64 ± 9.04; right ovarian volume: 6.1 ± 1.8; left ovarian volume: 6.3 ± 1.4. There were no statistically significant differences for FSH, LH, E2, AMH, ovarian volume, and number of antral follicles on the second day of menstruation between the groups. According to the results of the present study, the mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine does not affect the ovarian reserve of patients.