Effect of Monovalent Copper Oxide and Potentiated Zinc Oxide on Growth Performance and Gut Morphology of Broiler Chickens Challenged with Coccidiosis.

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of copper oxide (Cu2O) and potentiated zinc oxide (ZnO) on performance, intestinal morphology, oocyst excretion, coccidial lesion scores, and antioxidant properties in broilers during an Eimeria spp. challenge. A total of 288 1-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were divided into 18 treatments. Treatments included three levels of Cu (0, 15, or 150mg/kg) from Cu2O and three levels of Zn (0, 80, or 160mg/kg) from potentiated ZnO which were added to the basal diet and fed to broilers with or without challenge, using a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement for 42days. Live body weight, feed intake, mortality, and the cause of death were recorded weekly and histomorphology of jejunum was measured at the end of the experiment. Results showed that birds fed Cu and Zn linearly decreased (P < 0.0001) oocyst shedding. The number of excreted oocysts was reduced eight times in broilers fed a diet containing 150mg/kg copper from Cu2O and 160mg/kg zinc from potentiated ZnO, compared to the infected group without Cu and Zn supplementation (P < 0.0001). Microscopic features of both non-challenged and challenged broiler jejunum revealed significant improvement along with increased Cu2O and potentiated ZnO doses. Supplementation of Cu2O and potentiated ZnO decreased the jejunum structure damages and intestinal lesion score (P < 0.002). Eimeria caused a decrease (P < 0.006) in total antioxidant capacity. Superoxide dismutase increased by dietary zinc supplementation (P < 0.05). Results suggested that a combination of Cu2O and potentiated ZnO could exhibit efficient anticoccidial activity.