Effect of monomer treatment and polymerisation methods on the bond strength of resin teeth to denture base material

Abstract

The fracture between acrylic denture base material and artificial teeth is a common clinical occurrence in dental prosthodontic practice. To evaluate the bond strength between acrylic resins and resin denture teeth when submitted by two protocols of monomer liquid application on the tooth surface and using different polymerisation methods. Microwave-polymerised (Onda-Cryl), heat-polymerised (Clássico) and autopolymerising (Jet) acrylic resins and a brand of resin denture teeth (Biotone) were used. The acrylic resins were polymerised according to the cycles: (A) microwave--fast cycle, Onda-Cryl; (B) microwave--long cycle, Onda-Cryl; (C) microwave--manufacturer's cycle, Onda-Cryl; (T) water bath--long cycle, Clássico and (Q) bench polymerisation cycle, Jet. Thirty specimens were prepared for each polymerisation method; 10 were packed with acrylic resin after 60 s of monomer liquid application on the tooth surface, 10 after 180 s and 10 without any monomer liquid application. For the purpose of the study, a shear test was used. anova and Tukey tests were performed to identify significant differences (alpha = 0.05). The highest bond strength values were found for monomer surface treatments, regardless of the polymerisation cycles. The highest significant values were found for cycles B (15.4 +/- 1.8 MPa), C (11.9 +/- 4.9 MPa) and T (15.4 +/- 2.6 MPa) for non-treated and 60 s methylmethacrylate treated groups. Comparing the monomer liquid treatment, they did not differ significantly (p > 0.05), except for cycle A (p < 0.05). Chemical treatment using monomer on the tooth surface prior to the acrylic resin packing improved the bond strength between resin denture tooth and acrylic resin, regardless of monomer liquid treatment protocols. The microwavable resin, polymerised by fast cycle and autopolymerising resin should be avoided for processing denture and denture repairs, respectively.