Abstract
Thermal insulation materials based on vegetable fibers are considered. The results of studies on the microstructure of flax fiber noils using a light microscope and flax fibers using electron microscopy are presented. The complex of studies on the selection of the composition of thermal insulation slabs from flax fibers and flax noils has been conducted to determine the process of absorption of humidity from the air. The humidity absorption of insulants based on flax fibers and flax noils has been determined at a relative humidity of 40–97% using sodium liquid glass and modified liquid glass, as well as «Akotherm flaks» slabs. The thermal insulation slabs water vapor absorption kinetics has also been investigated, taking into account the time parameter. The effect of absorption humidity on the thermal conductivity of the studied materials has been examined; for this purpose, the coefficients of thermal conductivity of materials with the maximum humidity content of insulators were determined. The results of the tests indicate the highest efficiency of thermal insulation slabs made of flax fiber tow compared with insulation materials based on flax fibers and «Akotherm flaks» slabs.
Highlights
The development of ecological “green” building in recent years has significantly changed the perception of many developers
According to the results of studies, it has been established that the use of modified liquid glass does not affect the duration of the water vapor absorption process by experimental thermal insulation materials, but at the same time it reduces the absorption humidity of samples based on flax fibers or noils
According to the experiment results, it has been found out that at a relative air humidity of 97%, the absorption humidity of samples based on flax fibers or flax noils is 39.8% and 46.9%, which exceeds the value of the «Akotherm flaks» slabs (30.6%) by 30% and 53% respectively
Summary
The development of ecological “green” building in recent years has significantly changed the perception of many developers. They often impose requirements on the environmental safety of facilities along with traditional quality indicators for buildings being erected. It should be noted that the construction industry, both in Belarus and in other countries, is not always ready to meet the environmental requirements of customers. First of all, this problem is associated with the limited availability and release of environmentally friendly building materials. Several researchers note that an increase in the use of plant waste will provide construction with additional raw materials and expand the range of local building materials, and contribute to the conservation and rational use of natural resources [1,2,3]
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