Effect of moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea on cardiac structure and function in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on cardiac structure and function in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: A total of 767 patients with ACS consecutively hospitalized at the Emergency & Critical Care Center of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from June 2015 to May 2017 were enrolled in this study. There were 637 males and 130 females. Patients who met the inclusion criteria according to the sleep apnea hypopnea index (AHI) were examined with portable sleep respiration monitoring. Patients were divided into moderate or severe OSA group (AHI≥15,n=389) and non or mild OSA group (AHI<15, n=78). The general information and echocar diographic results were analyzed. The data fitted normal distribution were compared between the groups with independent sample t test. Results: The body mass index [(27.8±3.6) vs (25.8±3.4) kg/m(2), t=-7.854, P<0.01], neck circumference [(41.1±4.2) vs (39.3±3.2) cm, t=-6.717, P<0.01] and waist-to-hip ratio (0.99±0.54 vs 0.97±0.53, t=-4.735, P<0.01) at admission were significantly higher in moderate or severe OSA group than those in non or mild OSA group. The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, inter-ventricular septum thickness, left atrial diameter,right atrial diameter were all significantly higher, and the E/A peak ratio was remarkably lower in the moderate or severe OSA group (t=-2.130, 0.278, -3.045, -2.241, 2.260, all P<0.05). Conclusion: Moderate or severe OSA may aggravate cardiac remodeling and diastolic function in ACS patients.