Effect of mineral and organic fertilization on soil fertility as well as on the biomass production and N utilization of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a long-term cereal crop rotation experiment (IOSDV)

Abstract

In this trial the effect of mineral and organic fertilization was investigated on the biomass production (grain and straw), N balance, N uptake of winter wheat and some indices of N utilization (N harvest index %, N use efficiency, agronomic efficiency, apparent recovery efficiency) as well as soil fertility in a long-term field experiment. The bifactorial cereal crop rotation (w. wheat, w. barley, maize) trial was set up in 1984 in Keszthely, Hungary, as a part of the international mineral and organic nitrogen fertilization trial network (IOSDV). The statistical significance of the experimental factors (increasing rates of N fertilizer and organic fertilization) was tested by analysis of regression and variance. As a result of the experimental treatments it can be concluded that the increasing rate of N fertilization as well as the additional organic fertilizers influenced the biomass production and N uptake of winter wheat or soil fertility. The Corg content of soil increased significantly with the incorporation of both farmyard manure and straw. Thus, straw as a byproduct should be recycled into the soil mainly if there is no animal husbandry in the farm to preserve the C balance.