Abstract
Ni85.8Fe10.6W1.4Cu2.2 alloy powder containing nanocrystals of an FCC-structured solid solution of iron, tungsten, and copper in nickel embedded in an amorphous matrix was electrodeposited from an ammonia citrate solution. The alloy exhibits thermal stability in the temperature range between 25°C and 150°C. Over the range 150−360°C, the alloy undergoes intense structural relaxation which considerably increases the electron density of states and, hence, its electrical conductivity. Less intense structural relaxation takes place at temperatures between 360°C and 420°C. In the temperature range of 420°C to 460°C, relatively more intense changes in the electron density of states at the Fermi level occur, as induced by the structural relaxation resulting from the stabilization of larger less mobile tungsten atoms and copper atoms. The large decrease in electrical resistivity and the high increase in the electron density of states at the Fermi level in the temperature range 460−520°C are due to amorphous matrix crystallization and FCC-phase crystal grain growth.
Highlights
Nowadays, nanostructured materials are extensively used in many technologies due to their specific chemical and physical properties [1,2,3,4]
Nanostructured Ni85.8Fe10.6W1.4Cu2.2 alloy powder containing an amorphous matrix and FCC-phase crystals of the solid solution of iron, tungsten, and copper in nickel was deposited from an ammonia citrate bath at a current density of 450 mA cm−2 on a titanium cathode
Heating the powder sample pressed at 500 MPa in the temperature range of 25∘C to 600∘C induces structural changes in the alloy which cause changes in the electrical resistivity and thermoelectromotive force of the nanostructured couple
Summary
Nowadays, nanostructured materials are extensively used in many technologies due to their specific chemical and physical properties [1,2,3,4]. Nickel/iron alloys have good mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties and a high catalytic activity for some electrochemical reactions [5,6,7]. NiFeW alloys may exhibit the key properties of NiW and FeW alloys while eliminating the unwanted properties of the two-component alloys They are widely used in industries, mainly as inductor cores for electromagnets [18,19,20], magnetic devices [21], microwave noise filters [22], magnetic recording heads [23], and tunable noise suppressors [24]. Other procedures for their production have been developed, such as mechanical alloying, sputtering, or electrolytic deposition from water baths [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15, 25,26,27]
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