Abstract
Liquefaction is a hazardous seismic-based phenomenon, which causes an abrupt decrease in soil strength properties and can result in the massive destruction of the built environment. This research presents a novel approach to reduce the risk of soil liquefaction using jet-grouted micropiles in clean sands. The saturated soil profile of the study project mainly contains clean sands, which are suitable to more reliably employ simplified soil liquefaction analyses. The grouting is conducted using 420 micropiles to increase the existing soil properties. The effect of jet grouting on reducing the potential of liquefaction is assessed using the results of the cone penetration test (CPT) and the standard penetration test (SPT), which were conducted before and after jet grouting by implementing micropiles in the project sites. According to three CPT-based liquefaction analyses, the Juang method predicts the most effective improvement range of the factor of safety in the clean sand. The Boulanger and Idriss, and Eurocode methods show comparable evaluations. Results of the SPT-based analyses show the most considerable increase of the factor of safety following the Boulanger and Idriss, and NCEER approaches in the SP soil. CPT- and SPT-based analyses confirm the effectiveness of jet grouting by micropiles on enhancing soil properties and reducing the risk of liquefaction.
Highlights
Liquefaction can occur by cyclic seismic loadings and causes an unexpected decrease in soil strength properties
This study presents a novel approach to reduce the risk of soil liquefaction using jet-grouted micropiles in a case study research
The results are based on a total of 10 boreholes, five for each of the cone penetration test (CPT) and standard penetration test (SPT) tests
Summary
Liquefaction can occur by cyclic seismic loadings and causes an unexpected decrease in soil strength properties. Undrained saturated or moderately saturated sandy soils in areas with a high risk of earthquakes are prone to liquefaction. Such soils commonly exist in coastal regions with water levels close to the ground surface. The pore water pressure peaks, and the effective stress of the soil is quickly reduced to almost zero. These abrupt changes in the soil stress properties result in massive destruction of the built environment, such as overturning of buildings. As a more recent example, liquefaction was the major cause of damages in the 2018 Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, earthquake [4]
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