Effect of Method, Position & Level of Phosphate Fertilizer on some Characteristics of Corn Growth

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in Shwan plantation of the Agriculture Department of Kirkuk for the season 2015 to determine the effect of method, position & level of phosphate fertilizer on some characteristics of corn growth. A factorial experiment was conducted under the design of the randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three replications. This experiment included three factors three methods of applied phosphate fertilizer i.e.: (banding, to side and below seed line from one side and to side and below seed line from two sides) (M1, M2 and M3), respectively. three places to apply phosphate fertilizer at a distance (5, 10 and 15) cm from the seed (D1, D2 and D3) , respectively. three rate of phosphate fertilizer i.e. (65.5, 86 and 107.5) (Kg P. ha -1) (P1, P2 and P3) , respectively. the number of experimental plots is (81). The study showed the following results the best dry matter yield was for the stage 45 days where application method (M2) and (M3) recorded the highest values of (48.97, 48.55) g. plant-1, respectively. While for the placement factor, both (D2) and (D3) recorded the highest values of (49.02, 49.51) g. plant-1, respectively. there was no significant difference for the rate of application, the triple interaction between the factors (M3D3P3) has recorded the higher value of the dry matter (56.32) g. Plant -1. While the best clear increase in the yield dry matter at stage 75 days was in the case of using the method (M3), and when the distance was (D3), and at the rate of (P3). was reached (105.11, 105.85 and 106.48) g. plant-1 respectively. The interaction between the three factors (M3D3P3) was recorded higher yield of the dry matter (118) g. plant-1. As for the plant height, the method of application fertilizer M3, the placement of application fertilizer D3, and the rate of applied P3 and the treatment of triple interaction (M3P3D3) had recorded higher average value of plant height that reached (181.00, 181.07, 182.88 and 188.66 cm) respectively. As for the side of the fork to the roots of maize has given method (M3), the highest value of the side of the fork to the roots and was (42.92 cm), and record the position of added (D3), the highest value was (42.37 cm) The effect of added level recorded the highest value at the level of (P3) and reached (43.07 cm), while the value of the triple overlap between the transactions has given the overlap (M3D3P3) as the highest values reached (47.00 cm).