Effect of Metformin on Anthropometric Measurements and Hormonal and Biochemical Profile in Patients with Prediabetes.

Mustafa Safiah,Mohammed El-Khateeb,Anwar Batieha,Kamel Ajlouni,Yousef Khader,Dana Hyassat,Oraib Farahid,Ilaria Campesi

doi:10.1155/2021/8275303

Abstract

Objectives Metformin is the most widely preferred first-line oral antidiabetic agent that results in clear benefits in blood sugar regulation and diabetes-related complications. This study is aimed at assessing the effect of metformin on anthropometric, hormonal, and biochemical parameters in patients with prediabetes or insulin resistance. Methods A prepoststudy was conducted among 52 patients with prediabetes or insulin resistance who met the inclusion criteria. Weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were measured before and 12 months after metformin treatment. Serum concentrations of sex steroids, gonadotropins, and lipids were also assessed. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index and quantitative sensitivity check (QUICKI) index scores were calculated before metformin treatment and after 12 months of use. Results After 12 months of metformin treatment, female patients had significant reduction in weight, BMI, and waist circumference after adjusting for age. Metformin use for 12 months resulted in significant reduction in mean fasting blood glucose and HbA1c in females only. Total cholesterol decreased significantly among men only and serum HDL-C showed a significant rise among females only. Serum LDL-C and triglycerides did not change significantly in females and males. Our study did now significant changes in ACTH and cortisol levels in both females and males after metformin treatment. Metformin use resulted in significant increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone levels in males, while it was associated with significant increase in prolactin, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), and dehydroepiandrostenedione-sulphate (DHEA-S) levels and significant decrease in total testosterone level in females. Conclusion Metformin treatment in females with prediabetes reduces BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, and HbA1c. The changes in the studied parameters differed significantly according to sex.

Highlights

Metformin is the most widely preferred first-line oral antidiabetic agent that results in clear benefits in blood sugar regulation and diabetes-related complications [1]
New follow-up information on offspring of mothers with gestational DM (GDM) or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have provided conflicting results since metformin has the potential to inhibit the primary nutrient sensor in the placenta and mitochondrial activity resulting in relative nutrient restriction that might adversely affect fetal growth and potentially increase the risk of childhood obesity when the offspring is exposed to an obesogenic environment [3]
Metformin use for 12 months resulted in significant reduction in mean fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in females only after adjusting for age and baseline waist circumference

Summary

Introduction

Metformin is the most widely preferred first-line oral antidiabetic agent that results in clear benefits in blood sugar regulation and diabetes-related complications [1]. The mechanisms underlying these benefits include the improvement of insulin sensitivity in muscles and liver and the suppression of hepatic glucose production through the inhibition of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. New follow-up information on offspring of mothers with GDM or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have provided conflicting results since metformin has the potential to inhibit the primary nutrient sensor in the placenta (mTOR) and mitochondrial activity resulting in relative nutrient restriction that might adversely affect fetal growth and potentially increase the risk of childhood obesity when the offspring is exposed to an obesogenic environment [3].

Objectives

Methods

Conclusion