Abstract
1. Vacuum treatment makes it possible to reduce the oxygen content in the steel by a factor of 1.5–2 times as compared with smelting in accordance with the standard technology and to decrease the nitrogen content by 20–30%. 2. The amount of oxides and globular inclusions is negligible in the steel produced from the experimental melts; they are, however, contaminated by sulfide inclusions: this is caused by a sulfur content in the experimental melts, which is at, or above the upper limit established by the GOST. 3. Bench tests of 76–210 bearings indicated that the longevity L90 of the experimental batches of bearings was 1.5 times greater than the average longevity of steel produced from open melts. 4. The results of the studies and bench tests that we conducted suggest both a promising future for use of the process of in-furnace vacuum treatment, and the need for its improvement to ensure stable operating properties of steel bearings.
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