Effect of melatonin supplementation on plasma vasopressin response to different conditions in rats with hyperthyroidism induced by l-thyroxine

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The present study was performed to determine how basal, isotonic, hypertonic and hypovolemic conditions affect fluid–electrolyte balance and plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels in rats with experimental hyperthyroidism supplemented with melatonin. The rats were divided into four groups of twenty-four subjects each kept under the following treatments during one month: (1) Controls; (2) treated with l-thyroxine; (3) treated with l-thyroxine and sham melatonin and (4) treated with l-thyroxine and melatonin. After this each group was further subdivided into subgroups that were subject to normal, isotonic, hypertonic and hypovolemic conditions. The plasma AVP, total triiodothyronine (TT 3), total thyroxine (TT 4) and melatonin levels were measured in plasma by means of a Phoenix Pharmaceutical RIA test kit. Hematocrit and osmolality levels were also determined. There were significant increases of total T3 and T4 levels in the l-thyroxine treated groups, p < 0.001. The AVP levels were also increased in groups 2 and 3, but not so in the rats treated with melatonin ( p < 0.001), which also showed increased plasma melatonin levels ( p < 0.001). These results indicate that treatment with l-thyroxine increases stimulated and non-stimulated AVP release that are inhibited by melatonin supplementation. It was also shown that AVP response to hypertonic and hypovolemic conditions was not affected by l-thyroxine treatment and/or l-thyroxine + melatonin treatment.