Effect of mechanical depoling on piezoelectric properties of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–xBaTiO3 in the morphotropic phase boundary region

Abstract

The effect of mechanical stress on the direct piezoelectric properties of pre-poled (1 − x)(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–xBaTiO3 (NBT–xBT) in the range 4% ≤ x ≤ 13% was studied in situ using a mechanical load frame. Prior to mechanical loading, compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB, x = 6–7% BT) exhibited enhanced ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties compared to compositions further from the MPB. Specifically, the lowest ferroelectric coercive field and highest piezoelectric coefficient within this composition range occur at x = 7% BT. During mechanical compression, the MPB compositions exhibited the lowest depoling stress. The results demonstrate that, while favorable piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties can be obtained at compositions near the MPB, these compositions are also the most susceptible to the effects of mechanical depoling. Ferroelastic domain wall motion is suggested as the primary factor that may be responsible for these behaviors.