Abstract
The diamagnetic behaviour and the remanent magnetization were studied in two different applying field ways (that is, cooling the sample before or after applying magnetic field). X-ray powder diffraction pattern and a.c. susceptibility have proved that the large fraction of the sample is 110K phase and that the low Tc phase in the material has transition temperature below 77K. From the initial part of magnetization curve, it is estimated that about 30 percent of the sample volume is superconducting phase at 77K. However, the fraction(-4 ΠM/ H) from Meissner effect is only 8%. The reason for this may be attributed to the shielding effect and pinning behaviour to vortex lines in superconducting grains. In the process of cooling the sample before applying magnetic field, the remanent magnetization showed that in the weak field sample at first displayed full diamagnetic shielding effect and no remanent magnetization was observed, then the flux passed into the intergrain regions surrounded by weak-link network and finally penetrated into the superconducting grains. On the other hand, in cooling the sample after applying field, the relative great remanent magnetization can be measured at very weak fields, implying that some flux can be pinned by pinning forces or trapped by weak-link network when removing the magnetic field.
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