Abstract
To investigate the effects of maternal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and pre-pregnancy weight status (PPWS) on offspring birth measures and body mass index z-score (BMI-z) in the first year, we conducted a prospective study of 1,096 mother-infant dyads in Guangdong, China, 2014–2015. Multivariate logistic regression was used to test independent/interaction associations of maternal FPG and PPWS with macrosomia/large for gestational age (LGA). Association of PPWS and FPG with offspring BMI-z in the first year was assessed by the linear mixed effects models. For each 1-mmol/L increase in FPG, the risk of macrosomia and LGA was elevated by 2.74 and 2.01 (95% CI: 1.85, 7.60 and 1.54, 5.88), respectively. No main effect of PPWS or interaction association of FPG and PPWS on macrosomia/LGA was observed (P > 0.05). A relation between maternal FPG and PPWS was detected (P < 0.05). Infants of Q5 FPG mothers, those who were born to OWO mothers, had a 0.35 increase in the BMI-z (95% CI: 0.16, 0.55) compared with infants of NW mothers. In conclusion, maternal FPG is positively associated with macrosomia/LGA. Maternal PPWS and FPG considerably interacted for the association with the risk of offspring high BMI-z in the first year.
Highlights
The epidemic of childhood obesity has become an urgent public health priority due to its short and long-term development of diseases[1] and economic burdens[2]
Education performed different in the level of maternal gestational glycemia, and in offspring, the range of maternal gestational glycemia was different in the feeding pattern in the first month
The significant interaction between maternal pre-pregnancy weight status (PPWS) and gestational fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was associated with the risk of offspring high body mass index z-score (BMI-z) in the first year
Summary
The epidemic of childhood obesity has become an urgent public health priority due to its short and long-term development of diseases[1] and economic burdens[2]. The aim of this prospective study is to examine the independent and interaction effects of maternal PPWS and gestational glycemia on offspring birth measures and body mass index z-score (BMI-z) during the first year of life (i.e., at birth, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months) after adjustment for established confounders, such as maternal factors (i.e. woman age at delivery, GWG and gestational week) and feeding pattern.
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