Effect of Manures and Mulching on yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Desiree

Abstract

This studies was conducted in the experimental field, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Abu-Ghraib,during at the fall and spring seasons 2006-2007. by using Desiree cultivar potato. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sources of organic manure and mulching with black polyethylene sheets in the growth, yield and yield component of potato plans. Split- plot design were adapted, the first factor inculded either without black polyethylene sheet (M0) or using it (M1). The second factor was included the using of 6 types of organic manure; the first without organic manure (control T0). The second chemical fertilizer (T1), The third sheep manure (T2), The forth local peatmoss(T3),The fifth dry Pow humus(T4) and the sixth liquid Humic acid. L.S.D were used to compare the means at a 5% level of significances. The results showed that Mulching with black polyethylene (M1) significantly increased the yield/ plant and total yield for both seasons to reached 615.11and 710.56 gm and 29.40 and 35.82 ton hec for both seasons respectively . as compared with the control (M0) to reached 525.56 and 663.89 gm and 23.05 and 33.25 ton hec. And showed of Treating potato plants with chemical fertilizer (T1) and sheep manure (T2) significantly increased the total yield in fall season to reached 33.91and 30.79 ton hec respectively while in spring season was 42.70 and 41.42 ton hec as compared with the control (T0) to reached 19.45 and 29.72 ton hec to both control seasons respectively.And results showed of Mulching with black polyethylene and chemical fertilizer (MITI) and mulching with black polyethylene with sheep manure (M1T2) significantly increased the total yield in fall season to reached 38.30 and 34.62 ton hec and in spring season 44.27 and 43.14 ton hec while to decreased 17.05 and 28.30 ton hec. in control treatment (M0T0) without Mulching and manuring for both seasons.