Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in the upland of Muneng Probolinggo during early dry season (April – June 2015) to study the effect of manure and inorganic fertilizers on vegetative, generative growth, nutrient, and secondary metabolite contents of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). The treatments consisted of (1) no fertilizer, (2) 10.4, 18, 60 kg of N, P, K ha-1, (3) 22.5: 22.5: 22.5 kg of NPK ha-1, (4) 5000 kg ha-1 manure, and (5) 11.25:11.25:11.25 kg of NPK ha-1 + 2500 kg ha-1 manure. These treatments were arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. Application of manure, inorganic fertilizer, and its combination significantly stimulated several vegetative characters especially number of nodes, number of clusters, fresh weight of biomass, and number of nodules. At the generative characters, application of manure and inorganic fertilizers also significantly increased pod dry weight and grain dry weight. Among all treatments, NPK inorganic fertilizer (T2) gave the highest vegetative and generative growth which was shown on biomass fresh weight, pod dry weight and grain dry weight per plant. NPK fertilizer and manure applications increased total flavonoid and phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity. This combination treatment therefore, could be suggested in mungbean cultivation to increase seed quality.
Highlights
Mungbean is nutritionally and functionally important for human health as it contains carbohydrates, proteins, vitamin, and minerals as well as secondary metabolites such as phenolic acids and isoflavones that have antioxidant activities
Mungbean has been used for food products (Shi et al, 2016), beverages, health therapies as well as beauty products (Wongekalak et al, 2011)
The best response of those agronomic characters was achieved by the treatment of NPK fertilizer followed by the combination of NPK and manure fertilizers
Summary
Mungbean is nutritionally and functionally important for human health as it contains carbohydrates, proteins, vitamin, and minerals as well as secondary metabolites such as phenolic acids and isoflavones that have antioxidant activities. Mungbean has been used for food products (Shi et al, 2016), beverages, health therapies as well as beauty products (Wongekalak et al, 2011). The increase of quantity and quality demand of mungbean triggers effort in increasing quantity as well as nutritional values of these beans. Fertilization modification has been generally conducted to improve the mungbean cultivation. An application of NPK fertilizers that supply nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium as sources of nutrients is effective to increase the growth and yield of mungbean through increasing the number of nodules, leaves, pods, and seeds per plant (Malik et al, 1988). The decrease in soil fertility would result in the decrease in mungbean yield as well as the nutritional quality
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