Abstract
This study describes the impact of different concentrations of maltose on plant regeneration of anther culture for five genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa). N6 medium was used for calli induction, while N6 medium supplemented with different concentrations of maltose, 2.0 mg/L NAA and 0.5 mg/L kinase was used for plant regeneration. The result showed that during the initial stages of calli induction the anther cultures had varying rates of calli formation among genotypes, with the best frequency being observed for Dreami2/CaMsrB2-8-DH-1 with a calli frequency of 27.8%. Different genotypes of rice cultured in regeneration media showed varying plantlet regeneration on media supplemented with different concentrations of maltose, with low concentrations (0.04 g/L) leading to low frequency regeneration plantlet but high green plant production. Indeed, when Dreami2/CaMsrB2-8-DH-2 and Dreami2/CaMsrB2-8-DH-5 were cultivated under these conditions, 100% green plants were observed. Another genotype also showed a small rate of albino frequency in response to the lowest concentration of maltose, while increased maltose concentrations resulted in increased rates of albino plants. Overall, the results of this study should facilitate establishment of an efficient plant regeneration system from anther culture in rice.
Highlights
Anther culture has become the most popular method for production of homozygous lines for rice cultivars worldwide
The results showed that maltose as a carbon source used for rice anther culture can have an effect on genetic response
Increased maltose concentration was associated with increased albino plants, but the frequency of albinos varied by genotype
Summary
Anther culture has become the most popular method for production of homozygous lines for rice cultivars worldwide. Anther culture has been widely integrated into rice breeding programs, allowing rapid production of homozygous double haploid lines from F1 hybrids and incorporation of new genes into breeding materials. The production of double haploids from anthers or isolated microspores culture in vitro is a rapid approach to homozygosity that shortens the time required for development of new rice cultivars through conventional methods, which require at least six generations. Different protocols have been proposed to improve the efficiency of anther culture, green plant regeneration frequencies have remained rather low. The application of anther culture to rice breeding has been hampered by low calli induction and plant regeneration frequency. A number of factors have been examined to determine the
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