Abstract

BackgroundThe present study aims to determine the impact of malocclusion on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) among 13–16 years old Malay school children.MethodsSchool children aged between 13 and 16 years old were randomly selected from a secondary school in Penang. Malay version of Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaires were given to the subjects. This questionnaire has 14 questions with seven domains which are functional limitation, psychological discomfort, physical pain, physical disability, psychological and social disability, and handicap. Index of orthodontic treatment need dental health component was used to assess the orthodontic treatment need. Overjet (reversed overjet), open bite, overbite, cross bite, impeded eruption, crowding, defects of cleft lip and palate, Class II and Class III buccal occlusion, present of supernumerary and hypodontia were assessed.Results255 students participated in this study. Mean score and standard deviation for OHIP-14 were 8.64 (± 7.32) for males and 11.05 (± 9.41) for females respectively. There was statistically significant difference in mean score of OHIP-14 between male and female (p = 0.023). A weak positive correlation was found between malocclusion severity and OHRQoL (r = 0.186; p < 0.01). Malocclusion had a negative impact on OHRQoL of the students in the present study. This impact was prominent in psychological discomfort and psychological disability domains of OHIP-14 (p < 0.05).ConclusionIncrease in severity of malocclusion was associated with a negative impact on OHRQoL. Females exhibited more negative impact of malocclusion on their OHRQoL. Psychological domain was the most affected one.

Highlights

  • The present study aims to determine the impact of malocclusion on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) among 13–16 years old Malay school children

  • The assessment of the orthodontic treatment outcomes in patients with malocclusion highlighted a significant improvement in overall Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) score [8]

  • In group comparison using One Way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni Pos Hoc test no statistically significant difference was observed in OHIP-14 score of students with different severity of malocclusion assessed by IOTN DHC (Table 3)

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Summary

Introduction

The present study aims to determine the impact of malocclusion on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) among 13–16 years old Malay school children. Even though malocclusion is not considered as a disease and it is not a life-threatening condition, a high demand for treatment can be noticed. Epidemiological studies of malocclusion reported a high prevalence of this condition in different countries [2]. It seems that malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need. Elyaskhil et al Health Qual Life Outcomes (2021) 19:71 for orthodontic treatment is the cosmetic impairment caused by the malocclusion [6]. The assessment of the orthodontic treatment outcomes in patients with malocclusion highlighted a significant improvement in overall Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) score [8]. While some studies declare that orthodontic treatment cannot be justified by psychological base alone [9] and that the occlusal status cannot be associated by quality of life [10]

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