Effect of magnesium oxide nanoparticles locally or systemic with hydroxyapatite on regeneration of radial fracture in rabbits

Abstract

Study aimed to develop and test effect of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) and hydroxyapatite (HA) with gel on repair of distal radius transverse fractures. MgONPs concentrations 200 μg /ml were dissolved in 1 ml distilled water, stirred for 10 minutes, 0.5 mg HA in 1 ml gel, shaking for 15 minutes. These materials were tested in vitro. Forty adult male rabbits, at 1.5 to 2 years old and weighing 1.7-2.3 kg. Rabbits were divided into 2 groups: Rabbits were given intramuscularly 40 mg/kg B.W ketamine hydrochloride, 5 mg/ kg B.W xylazine to anesthetic before operations. A 5 cm incision was made in the skin of forelimb cranio-medially, transverse fracture was induced. MgONPs/HA/gel applied locally group (A). While HA/gel was applied locally, MgONPs were intraperitoneally injected group (B). Clinical examination revealed excellent apatite with minor swelling at the fracture site. At 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th weeks, Radiographic evaluation revealed group A had periosteal reaction within fracture site, at 2nd week post-operatively, group B had active periosteal reaction at fracture site. At 4th week, callus bridge connected two ends of fracture in group A. At same time, a visible callus crossed two ends of fracture in group B.