Abstract
In the resting muscle and even in the working one, the cytosolic ADP is in the micromolar range while the concentrations of ATP, creatine phosphate and creatine are between 5 and 20 mM.1 The low cytosolic ADP concentration is advantageous to the thermodynamic efficiency of the ATP splitting reactions but does not allow an optimal stimulation of oxidative phosphorylation. For mitochondria from heart2, liver3 and brain4 it was shown that the ADP supply to oxidative phosphorylation was privileged by mitochondrial creatine kinase or adenylate kinase compared to the extramitochondrial ADP supply by added enzymes as yeast hexokinase. That points to a dynamic AdN compartmentation in the mitochondrial intermembrane space5,6. From these results it was concluded that the transport of the extramitochondrially formed ADP into mitochondria is a crucial problem in cellular bioenergetics. This ADP transport can be realized by metabolite channeling into the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
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