Abstract
Ionizing radiations are harmful since they generate free radicals which through a series of reactions may cause damage to genetic material, imbalance in the antioxidant system, or lead to death. Lutein; a carotenoid compound because of its various medicinal properties has been chosen to evaluate its protection against radiation-induced damages. Swiss albino mice were divided into 8 groups of 6 mice each. Irradiation groups received whole-body radiation of 6Gy using an electron beam accelerator. Mice were fed with water/gallic acid/10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (w/v)/ lutein respectively. The mice were sacrificed on the 16th day; whole blood was collected in 2% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes by cardiac puncture method for hematological studies and comet assay. The organs like the brain, lungs, and liver were dissected. Organ homogenates were prepared to perform the antioxidant assay. The femur of the leg was removed and flushed for micronucleus assay. Lutein post-treatment showed significantly increased superoxide dismutase activity in the lung homogenate in comparison to the radiation control. A significant increase in the levels of glutathione was observed in lutein post-treatment when compared to the lutein control in lung homogenate. Also in the lung homogenate of lutein post-treatment, a significant decrease in the levels of malondialdehyde was observed in comparison to the lutein control, and a similar effect was observed in the vehicle control groups. In the comet assay, it was observed that tail moment decreased significantly in lutein post-treatment when compared to its control group whereas no significant changes were observed with %DNA in tail and olive moment. Lutein treatment post-radiation has increased the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE)/ (PCE+ normochromic erythrocytes (NCE) ratio. Significant changes were observed in the lutein post-treatment group with respect to antioxidant status. Micronucleus assay reveals that lutein treatment post-radiation increases cell multiplication. These results indicate a potent mitigator effect of lutein against radiation-induced antioxidant changes in vivo.
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