Abstract
Purpose: Schisandra chinensis is a plant used in traditional Chinese and Russian medicine. An S. chinensis seed extract was tested for its ability to potentiate the effects of the anticancer agent cisplatin in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Methods: S. chinensis seeds were extracted with ethanol and the ethanol was evaporated from the extracts to obtain an aqueous fraction of the S. chinensis seed extract (SCSE). MCF-7 cells were exposed to cisplatin alone or in combination with various concentrations of SCSE. The end points that were measured were cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and wound healing. Results: The addition of 10 % SCSE increased the cytotoxicity of cisplatin by increasing MCF-7 cell death by 7 %. The combination of 20 % SCSE and cisplatin completely inhibited wound healing in MCF7 cells. SCSE alone did not induce DNA fragmentation in MCF-7 cells. Conclusion: Compounds from S. chinensis seed extracts may mitigate cancer cell proliferation and migration. Keywords: Schisandra chinensis, MCF-7 cells, Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity, Wound healing, Cisplatin
Highlights
Schisandra chinensis is a dioecious plant that is native to northern China and several regions of Russia
The IC50 of cisplatin on MCF-7 cells was 11.3 μM, cytotoxicity increased when cells were treated with 11.3 μM cisplatin and 2, 5, 10, 15, or 20 % S. chinensis seed extract (SCSE) (v/v) for 24 h
We showed that SCSE modulates cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells, supplementation with SCSE could reduce the cisplatin concentration required to reach the IC50 value
Summary
The primary beneficial compounds in S. chinensis are the lignins schisandrin and gomisin A, which play important roles in the adaptive immune response [8]. S. chinensis seed extracts (SCSEs) have been shown to inhibit the growth of cultured human breast cancer cells by arresting the cell cycle [10]. Multiple studies have demonstrated the hepatoprotective effects of SCSEs [11,12,13] and have evaluated the toxicity of gomisin A in rats [14,15,16]. MCF7 has been used to study the effects of cisplatin in combination with a modulatory agent, ginsenoside compound K [18]. We tested the combinatorial effects of SCSEs and cisplatin on MCF-7 cells, and we used genotoxicity and wound healing as the evaluation endpoints. The cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and wound healing experiments were performed in duplicate
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